This column was originally published in the  Project Optimist newsletter on July 27, 2022.

ST. CLOUD – It’s a job-seekers’ market now.

Central Minnesota employers are getting creative to meet the needs they see in their coveted workforce. Some are helping open child care centers so working parents have a safe place for their kids. Some are recruiting Twin Cities residents to commute north. There are sign-on bonuses and referral bonuses.

“And then it’s just the culture in the building. Is it friendly? Is it welcoming?” said Gail Cruikshank, talent director with the Greater St. Cloud Development Corporation.

A business's culture is essentially its personality, said Martin Breaker, chair of the Department of Management and Entrepreneurship at St. Cloud State University. It bears out in written and unwritten rules, in procedures, in professed and performed values.

"In my opinion, culture is the most important factor in retaining employees," Breaker said. "The literature says that 46% of employees view culture as the number one thing. I think it's actually more than that."

So what does a good, intentional culture look like? Experts agree it's responsive to employees and treats them with respect. Good culture is important for attracting young workers, and it's likely to remain important as the demand for workers is expected to stay high.

Last June in Minnesota, unemployment was at a record-low, 1.8%, compared to 3.6% for the U.S. as a whole.

There's a lot of variety in organizational culture. It's not simply good or bad. Although, there are plenty of examples of problematic culture in corporate history. The Enron Corporation collapsed amid fraudulent practices and a culture of aggressive trading and intense internal competition.

Some companies can successfully emphasize results. Results, authority, safety and order are four of eight culture and leadership styles in a model published by Harvard Business Review in 2018. Other styles focus more on flexibility are caring, purpose, learning and enjoyment.

"Whoever founded the business will set what is acceptable and not acceptable. Now, that can change over time," Breaker said. "Normally it's the top person that really sets the agenda for the culture of the business."

A case study

St. Cloud employer  Park Industries makes a particular effort to incorporate good values and culture into recruitment efforts, marketing and everyday interactions.

“I’ve often said if we get the right person who fits our culture, we can train them,” said Park Industries' Director of Marketing Stephanie Kadlec. “That is a big focus for us. We have cultural interviews just centered around asking the trust, integrity and respect questions. It’s that important to us.”

“The ParkWay,” as they call it, was established in 2001 and lifts up those three values: trust, integrity and respect. In 2020, Park Industries won the Manufacturer of the Year award from the Manufacturers Alliance of Minnesota. Park manufactures stone working and metal fabrication equipment.

"I know we're better, because I've been in other cultures," Kadlec said. "We do have something unique."

Park's turnover rate for last year was 9.17%, according to Kadlec. That's compared to 39.9%, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' average turnover in manufacturing last year.

'A great work environment'

Turnover rate is a good way to measure culture, said Bob Kill, president and CEO of Enterprise Minnesota, a consulting organization that serves manufacturers. If turnover is 50%, something is wrong.

More and more manufacturing companies are working to improve their environments and their culture, because those things matter to young workers, Kill said.

Improvements could involve changes to the physical space, like new air conditioning. Improvements could involve added flexibility for work shifts — such as four-day or three-and-a-half-day work weeks — something previously unheard of. And they often involve investing in people directly, in their training, safety and career advancement.

"Many want to be known as having a great work environment. And I've seen it," Kill said. Those changes were coming slowly and have accelerated as workers have more options.

A good cultural fit is not the only factor at play. Pay and benefits matter. Work-life balance matters for many. And people from different generations have different priorities.

"Younger employees, more educated employees nowadays prefer a more flexible structure, more supportive, maybe less competition, maybe less bureaucracy and more creativity," said Mana Komai Molle, St. Cloud State University's Economics Department chair.

Another case study

Central McGowan, a 75-year-old company that provides equipment and gasses for welders, restaurants and manufacturers, launched a culture committee in late 2021. The committee will give feedback on benefits and safety among other duties, said President and CEO Joe Francis.

Central McGowan has some flexible scheduling and most driving positions come with four-day work weeks, Francis said. That's on top of tangible things like competitive pay and benefits and intangibles, like caring about employees and wanting them to spend their entire careers there.

"You may not always like the job, but as long as you like the place you come to work to and the people you surround yourself with, you'll stick with it," he said.

His employee count has more than doubled in the last 10 years, as Central McGowan has bought and brought in other companies and their staff. Overall growth in manufacturing is due to economic growth, reshoring work to the U.S. and a desire for local products, Francis said.

“Culture is an abstraction, yet the forces that are created in social and organizational situations that derive from culture are powerful.” – Edgar Schein, Organizational Culture and Leadership

Add in a few robots

Central McGowan is also busy helping other companies automate parts of their processes. Yes, that means robots and other technology to take on repetitive or dangerous parts of the work so valuable staff can spend their time and brainpower elsewhere.

"There's very much a realization that automation is going to be essential to the onward expansion of our economy," said Susan Goldstein, associate professor in the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota. A well-trained and educated workforce is part of that equation too.

Goldstein is an expert in supply chain and operations. Supply chains are focused on quality and an organization's culture is key to those efforts. Workers need to feel that management wants to hear from them and that they won't be penalized for highlighting problems, Goldstein said. "The effects of culture can be very tangible."

Employee surveys are a common tool to facilitate feedback. Most good organizations do this to keep "a finger on the pulse," Goldstein said.

Central McGowan and Park Industries survey and check in with employees regularly.

Park Industries’ Vice President of Manufacturing Duane Bryngelson said he tries to address real-time feedback.

He walks the floor every morning to check in with employees on how they feel about their workload and ask if they have everything they need, Bryngelson said. “I ask a lot of them: If we had to run at this pace, are we running at a sprinters pace trying to run a marathon? Or is this sustainable? And if not, what would it take?"

Find a culture for you

Experts agree that employees can see through BS. If an organization doesn't follow its professed values or seem sincere in its support of workers, workers will know.

"Corporations can spew a bunch of values. All of them are basically the same," said Komai Molle, SCSU's Economics Department chair. Job candidates want to see how those principles are applied.

And with today's culture of online sharing, workers can research employers to see if they walk the walk.

Molle recommends job seekers recognize what they want: How much pressure can they handle? How much flexibility do they need? Then pay attention to who's on the hiring committee, what employees say in surveys and use personal judgment to help the assessment.

"Corporations have a hard time hiding who they are," Molle said.

This column was originally published in the  Project Optimist newsletter on July 27, 2022.